The characteristics of Tudor

Tudor watches in recent years introducing the king series mainly gives people a new feeling. This series have automatic movement and quartz movement. Automatic movement of this series has stainless steel and 18ct diamond style, with automatic chain swinging weight machines, with a blue crystal glass closely covering the crown, still waterproof under the pressure of 50m water depth. At the same time, in order to meet some friends like a mechanical movement, King Series also have 36mm and 33mm of two different calibers calendar automatic watches, it is also worn in peerless. basic design of new king "hour" series is the same with King series, but outer ring of watches is engraved with traditional Chinese lunar calendar, twelve hour, or Chinese characteristic of Chinese Zodiac, it is more scientific and practical.

 

Prince and princess series is evergreen tree in Tudor family. Some veteran collectors know, even "Prince" and "Princess" produced in 1960's or 1970's, its quality also can be compared with the quality of top watches brand, which is enough to show the important position of these two series. The two series watches always use automatic mechanical movement, and have remained popular shape and style, giving person a timeless feeling. This series chronograph brought new appearance for Prince Series. The first generation of Prince Chronograph in various aspects can not be compared with the new one, but its supple chain, surface design and color application are bold, leave very deep impression to the person.

 

With its graceful and elegant style, that King style Tudor watches are produced in Geneva Switzerland original factory has always been nobles, to bring you the accurate time. Even from quartz watches more used in leisure activities, you can also enjoy universally acclaimed exquisite watchmaking technology of Tudor watch.

Tudor Watches

German Hans Wilsdorf in the early of last century founded the famous Rolex watches brand .In 1930, Rolex full implement product promotion plan of taking Britain as a center spread to European, but because its price is high, it is difficult to let ordinary people have it. Hans Wilsdorf decided to produce popular edition of Rolex watches, namely excellent product quality is the same as Rolex, but the price can be accepted by general person. So, Tudor watch was born.

 

The name Tudor watches come from Tudor dynasty in England, the name of Tudor every series all is named by royal family name. Prince series, Princess series, King series and the latest series are composed of flourishing "imperial family".Every Tudor watches on sale are accompanied by original factory warranty certificate, certificate of detailed information, date of sale, and covering the effective business chops. For the consolidation of international reputation, Tudor particularly establishes an incomparable distribution network through senior jewelry business in five continents around the world.

 

Tudor means Tudor dynasty in England. In 1485, "the war of the roses" ended, Henry Tudor won the throne, it is beginning of the Tudor dynasty. In 1603, the last Queen of the Tudor Elizabeth died, Tudor dynasty also ended. These years the Tudors is the golden age of British history. The prosperity of the Tudor Dynasty legacy leave us besides "Marie rose" wreck, then it is "Tudor" watch that is famous in whole world. 

Design concept of Tag Heuer

TAG Heuer fully demonstrated its outstanding precision timing functions; founder Edouard Heuer also believe in such a watch design philosophy -- a watch should not have the unnecessary details -- Tag heuer should have a distinct style, thus aesthetics, technology and function can be perfectly fused into the watch design. TAG Heuer has always practiced the design concept of "technical decide function, function arouse design inspiration", and almost each style introduced by TAG Heuer all became classic in horological history. 

 

MONZA First published in 1930, with its unique cushion shape watchcase and crocodile leather watch strap, became the most representative classical styles in TAG Heuer. the copy MONZA Calibre 36the recently launched not only in appearance followed 1930s’ classic design, and it was even equipped with mechanical movement for a frequency of 36000 per hour, which could measure accurately 1/10 seconds. The name of CAR-RERA published in 1964 derived from the most dangerous track in the racing history--Carrera Panamerica Mexico; its design especially emphasis on its accuracy and clarity, which was reflected in its oversize timing button and watch crown, and its streamlined shape was considered as one of the classic symbol in Tag Heuer watch. In 1969, the first square watchcase automatic game watch of TAG Heuer-- MONACO just was launched and immediately triggered panic buying. In 1970, the famous international star Steve Makungny in the film "Le Mans" that created a great sensation selected a Monaco watch.

 

TAG Heuer has always been the love of celebrities. TAG Heuer currently is cooperative partner of the Vodafon Maikelen Mercedes formula one team and its two top young drivers -- 2008 annual F1 world champion Lewis Hamilton and the 2009 annual F1 world champion Jensen Barton; it is also the favorite wrist watch of 2007 World Formula One racing champion and Ferrari F1 driver Kimi Raikkonen, the world chief golf star Tiger Woods, the world number one tennis player Maria Sharapova, American Racing League superstar Jeff Gordon, three times world formula racing champion S é Bastien Bourdais, genius Bruno Senna having a brilliant future, and Hollywood star Brand Pitt, Uma Thurman, Bollywood superstar Shahrukh Khan and Chinese sport star Yao Ming, which fully demonstrated the brand style of TAG Heuer combined movement and charm.

The characteristics of Franck Muller

Franck Muller comes from Switzerland Geneva; it is one of the world's most well-known senior watch brands, and also is pursued by many men and women superstar. Although being considered as classic brand in watch industry, Franck Muller has been willing to connect watch manufacturing crafts with unlimited creativity. For example, once caused a sensation CRAZY HOURS-- if not witnessed, you must think Franck Muller is kidding you! Because Arabia digital arrangement on the Crazy Hours watch dial completely broke inherent law of the dial display! Crazy Hours must be worthy of the name. on Barrel shape dial 12 ART DECO of the Arabia digital still is ranked neatly, but numerical sequence is not arranged from 1 to 12 by clockwise order. Nevertheless, reading time had no any difficulty.

 

Franck Muller is a watchmaker having rich experience. More than 10 years ago he founded this watch brand with his own name. Barrel shape and exaggerated digital scale is characteristics and symbol of Franck Muller brand.

 

Watches in Barrel shape raise a global retro feeling, which make Franck Muller having good reputation. Until Now, although this brand is only more than 10 years, but it has become one of the classic watch brands.

 

In order to consolidate leadership position of the barrel shape’s wrist watch brand, Franck Muller currently has a total of 8 barrel shape dial design. In 2004 it also introduced CASABLANCA ten anniversary limited watches. This style of the giant surface design had more royal style than the general Casablanca. The fashion trend of retro barrel shape watches raised by the Franck Muller, the subversion of the traditional surface color digital, all let Franck Muller in recent one or two years become more famous, plus the professional watch manufacturing crafts, so that Franck Muller quickly is pursued by numerous watch collectors.

 

From the beginning of 1983, with his enthusiasm and talent, FRANCK MULLER becomes a power source behind Swiss watch manufacturing Art Renaissance movement. In the past 20 years, with a number of the world's first awards and patents, plus various challenges and significant achievements, Frank Muller made people overwhelmed. Very greatly watch making technology and aesthetic art of Frank Muller watch warmly were pursued and admired by watch enthusiasts all over world!

 

Every year, FRANCK MULLER will publish one watch that is original and unique in the whole world and complex functional wrist watch; watch collectors all over the world in a hurry book this unique watch.

Franck Muller Watches

In 2001 FRANCK MULLER published LONG ISLAND 900, 1000 and 1100 series in succession; this year it again launched the LONG ISLAND's flagship watch 1200 series. LONG ISLAND series of FRANCK MULLER took art deco style that was popular in the architectural aesthetics in 1930’s, as well as geometry watchcase and in the surface numbers of decorative line, which let this aesthetic style that was originated from French Paris and greatly influenced the future generations was showed perfectly in this small watch.

 

In order to make the world colorful, FRANCK MULLER specially designed a new watch to show pleasures of life--COLOR DREAMS. The new design watch allows you to relive the lost time without sorrow and anxiety and full of laughter.

 

While another style watch--CRAZY HOURS mixed the FRANCK MULLER's superb watchmaking craft and unlimited originality together and push itself to another peak. If not witness, you will think FRANCKMULLER make fun with many watch fans! Because watch dial of CRAZY HOURS on the Arabia digital arrangement completely break general displaying rules of watch dial! This style shows the hided unique ingenuity of watchmaking craftsman.

 

Most people are familiar with the famous watch brands, of which short history is 50 years and long time is more than a hundred years. The time not only help brand accumulate reputation, but also is watch certification. But in recent 10 years, watch brand FRANCK MULLER rapidly become famous, although there is none of these strong background, it can still become a new force suddenly rising in watch market of high price. Its reason is also very afford much food for thought. The same name with watches brand designer Franck Muller, who is a member of independent watchmakers Association (AHCI), the wrist watch produced by watchmakers of this association are advertised highly by complexity and uniqueness. This also is one of the reasons why FRANCK MULLER becomes famous in very rapid speed. Since In 1983 FRANCK MULLER officially was established, several unique watches such as Crazy Hours and Color Dreams, all shows creative and complexity brand characteristic of FRANCK MULLER.

 

In July 2007 new style watch just was introduced, in addition to add a masterpiece for brand characteristics of deconstructing temporal ordering, classic design black and Cintr é e Curvex watch case also appeared in the design of new watch. "Sakura" series with strong Japan wind design was the new series of Franck Muller.

Tag Heuer’s achievements

Tag Heuer, one of the best luxury watches in "Swiss horological kingdom", with a history of 144 years, always insist the original concept to manufacture and research high precision watches, reliable and beautiful watches. It is known as "since 1860, the Swiss representative of avant-garde style ".
Tag Heuer's founders -- Edouard Heuer in 1860 in the Western Swiss Jura Mountains town St Imier founded his own small studio, so, Tag Heuer that played a decisive role in the international high-end watches and international sports was born. Edouard Heuer in all his life loves sport and the creation of accurate timer. the need of various sport and athletics projects for the precise timing gives Tag Heuer endless inspiration about design and technology; while the sports essence -- "challenge themselves, the pursuit of success, excellence" spirit become the Tag Heuer’s brand spirit. This factory from its founder Edward Heuer to the every generation has only one conviction in mind, which is taking the time measurement to a new height. From beginning of watch factory build, Tag Heuer has been the pioneer of watchmaking. No matter watches technology, material selection and design style, Tag Heuer watches create a series of distinguished representative.
Technical innovation and invention
In the past 144 years, the spirit of TAG Heuer was "challenging themselves, the pursuit of success, excellent quality”. This spirit had the perfect embodiment in many "NO.1 in world" created by TAG Heuer.
In 1882, TAG Heuer applied a patent for the first mechanical stopwatch, since then, TAG Heuer has been the authority of sport Chronograph and representative of advanced technology;
In 1887, TAG Heuer invented "vibration gear" technology, and it still is used in mechanical watch by most watch manufacturers;
In 1916, TAG Heuer invented the first stopwatch of accuracy to 1% seconds; it opened a proud page in watch manufacturing history, and became special timing watch successively in Antwerp, Paris and Amsterdam three Olympic Games;
In 1930, TAG Heuer has developed the world's first chronograph having automatic chaining function;
In 1933, TAG Heuer launched the world's first chronograph in the car dashboard - “Autavia “, so that racing driver can easily read the game time;
In 1972, TAG Heuer also invented the world's first square diving Chronograph-Monaco;
In 1975, TAG Heuer launched the world's first chronograph of quartz watch......
These are just a part of numerous patents Tag Heuer has gotten. It is because these leading patent technologies in industry established in Switzerland and the world TAG Heuer’s distinguished status in Watch industry.

ORIENT watches

Orient watch is an old Japanese watch brand in the early time having entered Chinese market, because its logo is a trademark of two lions, it is previously called in China as "Shuangshi" brand. In China 1980’s it is the mainstream of the watch brand. Two lions trademark is one part of Orient watch; the left and right sides of trademarks shared two lions. Because early Chinese consumers easily identified “Shuangshi” trademark, or failed to read ORIENT pronunciation, two lions trademark already has entered people’s heart.
Orient watches predecessor can be traced back to "Yoshida clock shop" established in Tokyo's Ueno city in 1901 and “Japan timing factory” founded in 1920 and manufacturing clock. Japan timing factory in 1934 began division of manufacturing watches, and in 1936 it specially set up Japan Hino factory, mainly manufacturing watch. In July 1950, Japan timing factory in Japan Hino city created "Tama timer Limited company” and in 1951 changed the company name into Orient Watch Co., Ltd. officially began selling Orient watches.
In 1996, it successfully developed mechanical watches of more than 40 hours kinetic energy display; it is unique for Japanese watch brand and gets great admiration from watch industry of the whole word.
In 2001, it becomes the Subsidiary company of "Seiko Epson Corporation".
In 2003, with the accuracy ± 5 seconds of "Orient Star Royal Sterling SiLVer”, Orient watches won "design award" of "standard category” in the "2003 annual watch design competition";
In 2004 in the global it issued 300 limited edition flagship product watches - high precision mechanical watch with world time and energy show.
In recent years, oriental watches comply with fashion trend, and develop many new products, many styles, performance, price is also corresponding reasonable, there are multifunction watches selling one thousand.

Patek Philippe Watches

Patek Philippe began in 1839. It is a famous Swiss watch brand, the average retail price of its every watch is from $13000 to $20000.Patek Philippe watches in technology aspect has been always in a leading position, has a number of patents, watch is produced exquisitely by hand, Patek Philippe adheres to quality, beautiful, reliable and excellent tradition, with its strong sense of quality, superb technology, continuous innovations, Patek Philippe create a universally respected watch brand.

 

As early as sixteenth Century, horological manufacturing industry culture has originated in Geneva. Early horologist in Geneva is not only a technologist, but with almost fanatical enthusiasm, so that makes works perfect in the appearance and performance.

 

The spirit of striving to perfect the manufacture of watches was inherited from generation to generation. Until 1838, the spirit became the foundation of Antoine de Patek establishing business. A few years later, watchmaker Adricn Philippe joined the company, shortly afterwards, two people joined force and changed the horological manufacturing industry history. They created many new inventions, got a number of patents, such as watch crown winding and adjusting device, and its mechanical movement accuracy records has not been broken until now.

 

Patek Philippe factory was built in 1839.They are one of the only true independent watchmakers, from beginning to the end they all produced watch by themselves, training a Patek Philippe watchmaker needs 10 years. Aristocratic status of watch enthusiasts is in possession of a Patek Philippe watch, the noble art sense and expensive material shaped Patek Philippe enduring brand effect.

Breitling watches

Getting the Chronometer certification issued by "The Swiss official chronometer testing center" is the dream of every mechanical watches manufacturer. Because anyone want to acquire this certification, watches must be quite up to ISO3159 standard and pass rigorous testing, for 15 consecutive days and nights at three different temperatures, five different environmental position, operation data of watches are recorded. the data needs to satisfy seven independent conditions, including mechanical watches daily error rate must be less than -4-+6 seconds. If watches pass this test, it shows the accuracy of watches has reached 99.99%; it is the highest standard for mechanical watch.

 

Famous Swiss watch maker Breitling recently announced solemnly, all Breitling watches have gotten Chronometer certification issued by "The Swiss official chronometer testing center" and have become the only one watch brand in global world that all products meet the Chronometer standard.

 

In 1884, the founder Louis Breitling established breitling company. Initially, the company mainly produced some timer such as pocket watches; in 1914 it started to produce the watches taking the performance of recording seconds and luminous for the military. In 1936, when Breitling fly "spirit of St Louis" over the Atlantic, Louis' grandson Willy has saw the huge demand of the aviation and transportation for the exact timing, began to the production of precision timer for instrument desk of aircraft cockpit , since then Breitling begun to connected with aviation business. Until now Boeing Douglas and Roxy de and other large aircraft manufacturer are the user of Breitling.

 

Later Ernest Schneider in 1979 took over the company.Since then, through a series of unique design, Breitling become the representative of multipurpose watch that is unique, novel and durable. For many years the experience of manufacturing watch for airline industry created remarkable characteristic of breitling watches, it always pays attention to watch's function orientation; it makes their products constantly adapting to the characteristics of aviation, navigation, guidance, diving and other special industries; it makes watches perfectly combined with practicality, functionality and diversity.Thus, Breitling watch is not only a timer, but a precision instrument, known as the "air computer" name.

Blancpain watch

Originator: Jehan-Jacques Blancpain

 

Country: Switzerland

 

Affiliation: Swatch group

 

Founded time: 1735

 

Overview:

 

Blancpain - the world's most complex, most multifunctional manual mechanical watch.Since 1735, Blancpain has never produced quartz watches, the plan will be carried through to the end, forever! The oldest watchmakers brand Blancpain hadn't line production, manufacturing process are in the old farmhouse, by individual watchmakers carefully inlaying in hands. Today, every Blancpain clock is checked by watchmakers personally, engraved number and signature for the mind, its quality is controlled strictly the same as many years ago.

 

No one has ever seen Blancpain quartz watch, and will never see Blancpain quartz watch. Blancpain wrist watch series in which maneuvering system is complicated and sophisticated are the best of watch manufacturer, including super thin watch, moon phase watch, perpetual calendar watch, and minute repeater. The minute repeater is extremely prominent art masterpiece in watch scene. It was produced after through more than ten thousand hours meticulous research; it can peal watch and report time according to hour, moment, minute. Its compact maneuvering system has more than 30 Rubies and about three hundred parts, inlaid by hand. Although its structure is very complex, thickness and diameter of watch heart is only 3.2 microns and 21 microns, wherein some parts are more slender than a hair. Therefore, each year only a small amount of minute repeater are produced, and reaching into the hands of customers often takes more than three years.

The process characteristics of Blancpain

Blancpain watch is valuable not only in artificial inlaying time, but on its strict demands of every detail. Its beautiful classical appearance make it detached from influence of trend change, and become self-contained art treasures.

 

Hundreds of years’ rural life of isolating from outside world makes residents workmanship dexterity and independence. These features make them practiced the superb skills in a short period of starting watch making process,  and innovative timepiece also make the old product quality promoted into a higher level. In the winter all over the sky of snow, they had to stay in cottages, they use this time year after year to practice watchmaking skill so that every piece of watch become better. Elegant watch body contains unique timepiece masterpiece. Blancpain classic timepiece is transcendent to the fashion trend, sincet hat moment of leaving watchmakers desk, Blancpain watch is the eternal family treasures.

 

In order to show respect to watchmaker ancestor, Blancpain watchmakers today still in the bench of old cottage near window inlay watch. There is no factory. Even a production line does not exist.” Tradition" in Blancpain has supreme status: hundreds of years of cultural and technological essence are carried forward to the ultimate. Each Blancpain watchmakers are regarded as artist. They put extraordinary, creative, and excellent skills financial in every watch, endowing them with the soul and life.

 

Each watch order is in charge of one watchmaker. As a result of watch making independently, so the watchmakers are free to choose work time, absolutely no one slightly interfere them. From inlaying, polishing, finishing to cleaning, watch maker master will be strict in every detail by doing it himself.

Piaget watch

In 1874, Georges Edouard Piaget started in movement production. In 1940, Piaget's grandson opened the international market for the development of Piaget watch. In 1956 Piaget watch introduced ultra-thin movement. In 1960’s, Piaget is committed to research development of complex movement and design top jewelry. From the design, making the wax model to inlaying precious stones, Piaget watch always constantly strives for perfection. “Cuff watches” and "coin watches" has superior design; they are rarity in Piaget watch. At present they belong to Swiss Lifeng group.

 

After more than 100 years of development, Piaget watch is eminent. In addition to the matchless original operation of the mechanical apparatus, all watchcase and watch bracelet of PIAGET watch are made with 18K gold or platinum, and the decorative design of the surface is even more colorful, mostly were carved by mother of pearl, agate and other precious stones.

 

Piaget watch of having "Jewelry timer" reputation is founded in a small village by Earl Georgia in Switzerland in 1847. In 1960's Earl introduced its first jewelry watch. In order to prove the ability of its continuous self-transcendence and rising above the common herd, Earl took much effort to the rare, precious and unique works. "Always do better than the requirements" is the motto of founder Earl Georgia. By the end of 1990's, Earl launched its first jewelry series--Possession and Tanagra, for its loyal supporter provided a more diverse selection.

 

Most proud of PIAGET watch is: even today, PIAGET is still one of the brands that get the highest honor of “Integrated manufacturer” in the world. That is to say, from the design, research, development and manufacturing of all production process are made by the PIAGET brand itself. Piaget watch’s consumer groups in the world market include not only the business tycoons, film and television celebrities, and even politicians such as President Reagan, lady Kennedy......They are royal supporter of Piaget watch.

The development of Breguet

In 1795, a large number of new inventions, new creation were launched, including Breguet balance hairspring end ring; each division line wheel; sold to Napoleon the first luggage clock; Souscription watch; Sympathique clock for concave watch adjusting time; Tact watch of using touch to know time; and Tourbillon standard timing patented in 1801.

 

In the marine chronometer, Breguet made a significant contribution. In 1815 it won watch manufacturer reputation of "Horloger de la Marine" Navy. In his efforts, horological manufacturing in art and technically won new resources and new span. Breguet died at the age of 77, his achievement not only in his lifetime was widely praised; today, he is still recognized as one of the greatest genius and clock maker.

 

The important inventions In all Breguet’s life included TOURBILLON, The balance-spring, The Sympathi-que clock, The Constant force escapement, as The spring for minute repeater and other excellent design, all bring far-reaching contribution for today’s watch industry.

 

The Breguet of today is an alliance with Montres Breguet，Nouvelle Lemania and Valdar, due to funding, R & D and marketing ability have been enhanced greatly, plus product strategy of market oriented, Breguet in fact already walked out of silence, began to show growing vitality.

 

After the reorganization, Breguet strives to innovation, employees increase to 230 people from 170 people, and the production efficiency greatly are upgraded. In the aspect of parts production, Breguet has taken most of the components to Nouvelle Lemania company specialized in the production of chronograph movement and high-lever mechanical movement by the same group, in addition, Valdar is specialized in research and development of micro machine and precision parts. Breguet is responsible only for the manufacturing and development of special parts; it also makes Breguet put more labor power in the design and development.

The brilliant history of Breguet

Abraham Louis Pau (1747-1823), was born in Switzerland Neuchatel, 17 years old in Paris started to make watches, soon, his talent and vigorous invention ability showed his candle under a bushel and got appreciation from Renaissance advocate--French king Louis XV.

 

1775, Breguet opened the first watch shop in Paris. Because of his profound mechanical knowledge, unique extraordinary talent for watch features and technology, he attracted the most excellent craftsmen‘s interest to join it; he teach and guided untiringly to train them and made them become talent, so his rich imagination is able to become attractive and excellent works.

 

Watches and clocks that Breguet design and manufacture are diversity, regardless of wrist watch, nautical astronomical clock and bells all have great unique design and make him regarded as the most outstanding character in the watch industry. Breguet in the watch industry has achieved excellent results, in the beginning Breguet has amazing the world by repeated innovation, for example: 1780 automatic watch (Perpetuelle), the invention of ring spring substantially reducing chime clock’s width, as well as the world's first watch shockproof device (Pare-Chute) to make watch no longer easily damaged and have more reliable performance.

 

Breguet watch was deeply appreciated by the French king Louis X VI and Queen Mary Anthony, with innovative parts and continually improved lever or cylinder escapement device; its new classical style is quite in line with economic benefits. In the near end of the hand of clock designed by Breguet has a hollow dot (called Pomme hand of clock, then simply known as the Breguet hand of clock), there are more elegant figures in the surface of enamel. As for the gold watch case, the subsequent silver dial all was crafted by hand to use carved machine carefully, it is the slimmest and the most elegant watch case since watch existed.

Breguet watches

Name: Breguet

 

Founder: Breguet

 

Time: 1747

 

Country: Switzerland

 

Affiliation: Swatch group

 

Breguet’s brand story

 

Breguet over the years has been the most important code for Swiss watches, recently has been in reorganization. in 1747, Breguet in the Swiss Nachate was born, he spends most of his time living in Paris, and in his life create a lot of great inventions, he was active in every category of watchmaking industry, a string of breakthroughs make him always being in the peak of his career, such as improved automatic watch, ring spring for inventing chime clock; and shock-proof device and so on, while neoclassical concise design is surprised.

 

In 1823, Breguet died, his descendants also have many masterpieces. In modern times, the fifth generation grandsons of Breguet in 1950’s have made fly timing watch. Scientist Einstein and writer Tchaikovsky was the Breguet's loyal customers. Many people called Breguet as "watch king" and said Breguet is "the father of modern watchmaker ", which is very appropriate.

 

The famous people in the world history such as Louis X VI of France, French queen Marie Anthony, Tsar Alexander Thi, British Queen Victoria, British Prime Minister Churchill, Prussia William I, even the United States Secretary of state Dulles and so on, although each other are not in the same period, but there is a common point, which is loyal customers of Breguet.

Carl F.Bucherer’s history

In 1978, Bucherer group is one manufacturer of the world's first producing quartz watch having official Observatory certification. Almost one century, with never-ending creativity and professional superb watchmaking technology Bucherer makes unique modern design technology and mechanical technology having perfect combination. Bucherer in jewelry watch also has remarkable achievement; all the gems are inlayed in hands carefully and rigorously. Bucherer watches interpreted the noble exquisite masterpiece. Today Bucherer group was inherited by the third generation of the family--Jr.G.Bucherer, he has become one of the best watches and jewelry manufacturer in whole world. Aoki Meade 18K rose gold calendar lunar automatic watch has a long history in Europe; the prestigious jewelry watches retail dealer --Bucherer group is not only a powerful retail dealer, is also a successful watch and jewelry manufacturer.

 

Since 1888, the Bucherer group has started to build their own retail store network. Since 1919 beginning to build watchmaking factory, Carl F.Bucherer in Bucherer group has won international market prestige, exit numbers kept rapid growth. Recent year Bucherer in foreign market is very active, in the United States, the Middle East in Europe, Taiwan, Germany, Thailand, China, Hongkong and Singapore Carl F.Bucherer is listed in succession and won the praise of consumers.

 

While in Hongkong, Bucherer became designated watch of Miss Hongkong pageant 2003 and 2004 General Assembly, in 2003 it is also the main sponsor of the Faye Wong concert and designated watch in many concert. Bucherer has always been committed to the development of precision mechanical watches, and Archimedes in Aoki Meade watch series is very outstanding.

Development process of Carl F.Bucherer

In 1888, Carl F.Bucherer and his wife in Luise Lucerne Falkenplatz opened the first watches and jewelry store. They are successful couples: his entrepreneurship, artist talent and the keen awareness on the prevalence trend and social trend, his wife’s realistic spirit and management ability, they are perfect complementary couple. Their success laid a solid foundation for the Bucherer group that today is known for us.

 

In 1910, Carl F.Bucherer's two sons comprehended father’s dream. Brother Carl Eduard in London was trained as a goldsmith, and younger brother Ernst in St.Imier become a professional watchmaker. They inherited their parents’ broad sense, and lead the company to a new peak of enterprise. Strictly following father's words, they set up distribution points throughout the whole of Switzerland. In 1919, Carl and Ernst Buchere formally established their own watchmaking factory and brand and realize its vision for the business.

 

Between 1915 and 1923, Bucherer watches and jewelry fame quickly spread throughout high society of German. It represents noble status of Royal watchmaking master.

 

In 1967, Bucherer Group purchased a watch factory of Credos which is located in the Swiss watchmaking area center Nidau, and changed its name into Bucherer Montres S.A. At the same time, Bucherer along with the other 9 watchmakers invested jointly and produced Switzerland’s first quartz movement -- Beta21.Between 1968 and 1976, Bucherer group took one of the leaders in the watch industry, and in the Switzerland official C.O.S.C. Observatory certification number ranked among top three in whole world. During this period, Bucherer Group every year produced nearly 15000 watches having only C.O.S.C. Observatory certification.

The Patek Philippe’s founding

The founder of Patek Philippe-- Antoine Norbert de Patek was a revolutionary when in 1831 Poland revolted against Russian rule. After Poland Revolution failed he run away to France, and settled in Switzerland Geneva, and started watch business. In 1839 he opened Patek watch store.

 

In 1844, Antoine has met Jan Philippe in a Paris exhibition. At that time Jan Philippe had already designed pocket watch that case was very thin and winding and adjustment was no need for traditional watch key. The pocket watch in the exhibition was ignored by people, but Antoine Patek was deeply attracted by its new design. Two people after a conversation immediately reached cooperative intention. So, Jan Philippe joined in Patek Company.

 

In 1851, Patek Company officially renamed Patek Philippe.

 

The Patek Philippe’s logo

 

Patek Philippe’s logo is combination of knight's sword and priest’s cross, and it also is called as the “Kalle Dora Ba cross ". Its origin: in 1185, a city called Kalle Dora Ba in Spain was invaded by the Moors, brave priest Raymond and knight Diego Belaskas led people to resist enemies and eventually expelling moors. Priest (cross) and Knight (sword) are together, which is the symbol of sublimity and brave.This symbol is the representative of cooperation between Anthony Peter and Jan Philipp. The logo began to use since 1857.

The Patek Philippe in the present

Patek Philippe is still the watch manufacturer that in the whole world the only one produced in manually and can complete all watchmaking process in the original factory, and adhered to traditional craft. The Swiss watch industry called this traditional manufacturing technique as "Geneva 7 traditional watch manufacturing techniques", which contains traditional craft of designer, watchmaker, Goldsmith, sculptor, porcelain painter and jeweler. Patek Philippe believes, watches are made by the hand of these craft masters are art treasures, which is also most proud of characteristics for Patek Philippe watches. In order to break through the tradition and create a better working environment, 

 

the current president of Patek Philippe sharing general manage in board of directors--Mr. Philip Stone begun to plane and build new factory; the aim is to "put Patek Philippe's unique craft combined with science and technology ".The new factory finished become a complete "watch" factory, an old castle adjacent to factory was renovated into the collection museum of private treasures.

 

For further development, Patek Philippe in 1996 October issued a formal "Patek Philippe international magazine", in English, French, Japanese, Chinese, Germany, and Italian, 6 languages version were published, and it through the magazine's content attracted customers and promoted corporate image, which all proved management idea of Patek Philippe’s innovation and change. All of these make this hundred years old factory is still full of vitality, full of youthful spirit.

 

In 2006 annual "world’s top 500 band" compiled by World Brand Lab, Patek Philippe brand rank in the 253rd.

The story about BALL Watch

Train and watch manufacturing seems to be two unrelated things, but in 1891 a full day of doom, they are tightly intertwined. In the United States Ohio two mail trains crashed, in April 19th, this tragedy result in drivers in two trains all died, there are nine other people died in the crash. This incident brings to create a great name of modern precision watchmaking industry.

 

After that accident, BALL from the Ohio State is appointed attorney general of Railroad Company, the reason that caused that accident is very simple, after accident the research showed: clock failure led to the timing error. The watch of engineer in a train has stopped four minutes, but he does not know, and the train still continues to move forward, while he is still thinking about they will arrive station in another seven minutes, where he can give way another train, but in fact, he has only three minutes away from death.

 

In order to avoid the recurrence of similar incidents, in Mr. BALL's responsibility, the railway authorities entrusted him with a main task, which is to supervise and record the time of railway.

 

Watch manufacturer immediately started to check for all railway staff wearing watches for every week, all checking work is done by examined watch manufacturers. Mr. BALL has set up a strict standard and prohibited to use timer of error more than 30 seconds.

BALL Watch’s standard

It was Mr. BALL's standard system to ensure that precision and unity of timing, also built the standard of railway time and railway watches used as the precise timing, this network eventually covered the United States seventy-five percent railway. Mr. BALL's achievement was praised by the international community, not only because of his contribution as an ordinary citizen, but also because of his role in the watch manufacturing history.

 

Today, in the United States of America, Ball watch is one of the most respected watch brands. In twenty-first Century, Ball watch in its field continues to take the lead and follow consumer’s step, despite the appearance of the product changes, that the creation spirit of Ball watch brand emphasize practicality has never been a discount.

 

In MR BALL's original detailed standards, there were many railway watch standards, for example, watch dial need to strictly follow his design principles, every detail, from the hand’s shape to a digital form, according to his requirements of accurate timing was produced.

 

This is the spirit the BALL family still adheres to. In today's society to count every minute and second, split-second decision will change the world, this is the accepted view.

 

Ball watch: "begun in 1891, in bad environment, still accurate"

Audemars Piguet watches

Audemars Pigeut is a Swiss watch national brand, in 1889 at the tenth Paris world exhibition of watches and clocks. Audemars Pigeut's GRAND COMPLICATION was exhibiting, and its exquisite design draws much attention and great reputation in international, which set up lofty position for Audemars Pigeut watch industry. Today, in the leadership of Audemars and Piguet family the fourth generations, Audemars Pigeut watches get many achievements. It was praised highly by watch connoisseurs and collectors, and become one of top ten famous watches in the world.

 

Brief introduction of Audemars Pigeut 

 

Countries: Switzerland

 

Time: 1881

 

Category: wrist watches and precision clock series

 

Originator: Jules-Louis Audemars and Edward-Auguste Piguet

 

Headquarters: the Swiss Valleede Joux

 

The predecessors of Audemars Pigeut are two clocks factories were founded in 1875, while its brilliant development begun since 1881.

 

Each Audemars Pigeut watch back is engraved with the name of the watchmaker to ensure responsibility and guarantee. In order to maintain Switzerland’s reputation of horological kingdom, Switzerland has set watch school to develop talents needed in watches industry. An apprentice first must complete four year course in watch school, then can get watchmaker qualifications, but if you want to become a watch factory master of Audemars Pigeut, you must have to spend two more years, then you are eligible to be sent to the ultra-thin mechanical department. Audemars Pigeut factory adheres to the "old master's hands" to produce a watch for hundred years. After-sale service of Audemars Pigeut is quite famous in the watch factory of the world, even watch parts already have stopped production for twenty years, as long as manufacturing data is existed, Audemars Pigeut factory can still repair for customer, to achieve quality assurance from generation to generation.

 

Audemars Pigeut‘s logo

 

Audemars Pigeut‘s logo”AP” is taken from the first letter "A" and "P" of founder Jules-Louis Audemars and Edward-Auguste. The founders of Audemars Pigeut have always been interested in the watch producing art, focused on the development of ultra-thin mechanical parts, created sophisticated mechanical watches and wined many awards.

 

Audemars Pigeut has a rigorous selection for diamonds. Diamonds in both color and clarity are at a high level, and then are carefully inlayed by experienced jewelry technicians, Audemars Pigeut masters the accurate time, meanwhile shows oceans of charm.

Brief introduction of ELYSEE

In 1920, in a small village closing to B é Mont, watchmakers Jacques Beaufort set up his own watch factory. He named this new company as “ELYSEE” and began to produce high-grade gold watch, especially 1940 series setting with diamonds. On the quality and unique design, the watches that Jacques Beaufort produced have achieved excellent reputation in the early time. Gold watch and other innovative details design had taken the lead in that time.  After a long period of time when Jacques Beaufort died, Elysee was reintegrated by Company Harer located in the Pforzheim. In 1991, Reiner Seume has got "ELYSEE" trademark. In the past 10 years the Elysee according to his brand concept made a new start of brand positioning and integration of resources, and have given new brand vitality and obtained remarkable development. After 1999 the Elysee started the brand internationalization. Reiner Seume combined Elysee with racing sports. He take in 1950’s world's best racing driver GRAF BERGHE VON TRIPS's legendary life integrating into the brand culture, so that the Elysee watch is not just a life accessories, but also is a style statement, and is tangible wrist watch legend.

 

GRAF BERGHE VON TRIPS is a classic watch of the Elysee. It makes a perfect interpretation for Elysee brand spirit -"passion and speed to create a legend". Precise professional racing watch, a symbol of F1 racetrack for dial shading, beating red second hand, all of these demonstrate the endless game and blood and passion pursuing the endless speed. At the same time, the Elysee not only has obsession for speed, but also has admiration for elegance. Ladies Watch series combined fashion and classic elements, integrated into the ballet elements, and conveyed thought-provoking tenderness and beauty.

BVLGARI Watches

Name: Bvlgari / Bulgari

 

Country: Italy

 

Create time: 1884

 

Creator: Soleio Bulgari (Sotirio Bulgari)

 

Products: jewelry, watches, perfume, skin care cosmetics, spectacles and handbags, high-class hotel and resort

 

GIZA luxury studio: LVMH group (in 2011 March purchasing from the Bvlgari family)

 

Brief introduction:

Bvlgari, Italy's world famous jewelry, was born in more than 120 years ago, is known for its bold design, unique style, warmly pursued by the world celebrities, royal nobility, and movie star. Bulgari family come from the Greek, ingrained by classical Greek tradition, but in the Rome culture has been carried forward; in the civilization inspiration of Greek and Rome , the design of Bvlgari appeared unprecedented prosperity, which have become one part of the most significant and most exciting people's mind in Bvlgari trademark. It not only fully reflects the celebrated past of Bvlgari , but also allows Bvlgari to maintain the lofty ideals and high aspirations of their cultural heritage vitality,  every piece of BVLGARI work has infiltrated the spirit of excellence; outstanding quality is feature of every piece of product.

 

Bulgari family history can be traced back to the last century, in 1881 the Greek silversmith Sotirio Booker came to Italy, and in 1884 opened the first shop, shortly thereafter moved to Via Dei 10 Condotti street. this place is still the company headquarters.

 

The two son of Sotirio --George and Costantino put the family business expanded from the silver to a variety of jewelry; they changed the brand name  into Bvlgari and began in New York, Geneva, Monte Carlo and other places set up oversea companies; in Switzerland they founded Bulgari watch company, later perfume also become one of the Bulgari products, Bulgari jewelry shows strong classical style of Greece and Italy, the jewel school of Rome and the affect of Italy Renaissance make this style, each a jewelry was finished first by  the initial inspiration germination, then the designer and craftsman carefully crafted, which produces a lot of classic jewelry, such as Celt style Trica series, and Naturalia series reflecting the natural form .

 

Chandra series, Initially ceramics, gold and gems are combined into a whole new one, Bulgari store interior decoration is decorated like their jewelry, in which people can feel Bvlgari pursuit the perfect style, main store that located in the Via Dei 10 Condotti Street renovated for several times, but the brand's aesthetic standard is always consistent, decorating stores that opened in around the world have also kept the same style. The customers of Bulgari this jewelry Kingdom have royalty, politicians and movie stars; the most famous perhaps is the Italy star Sophia Roland, she was Bulgari jewelry image spokesmen. Bvlgari thus established its fine image and become many people 's dream of treasures. There were almost crazy examples, several Rome princess in order to obtain Bulgari jewelry, would not hesitate to use territory in exchange for it.

Brief history of Longines watches

The Longines company was founded in 1832 and established by August Aga Chi. In 1833, he and his two partners established a company named Comptoir Raiguel Jeue & Cie company. In 1847, Agac has owed this company by himself. In 1852, Agac's nephew Ernest Fullan joined the company; in 1862 he replaced his uncle and took over the company. He renamed the company as Ancienne Maison Auguste Agassiz, Ernest Francillon, Successeur.

 

In 1866, Fullan bought two places named "Les Longines", he built up a factory in here.

 

In July 19, 1880, Longines trademark was registered in the Swiss Federal intellectual property bureau.

 

In the twentieth Century wrist watch becomes prosperity, the Longines factory underwent a massive reorganization.

 

In 1912, Longines company began to connect with sports, and it becomes the official time of”1912 Switzerland Commonwealth Games” held in Basel.

 

In 1927, Longines went through the worlds first the Atlantic flight; the flight lasted 33 hours and 30 minutes.

 

In the early of twentieth Century, internal self-winding watch become more and more fashionable, Longines also won many honors.

 

In the nineteen seventies, Longines Company in the production and the development get breakthrough. In the watch performance it has improved a lot and still continued to improve and progress.

 

In the nineteen eighties, Longines Company designed several styles of thin watch and again created a world record: the thickness of the world's thinnest electromagnetic watch is only 1.98 mm.

 

In 1982, Longines presented a series of watch in memory of F1 Ferrari team.

 

In February 19, 2001, Longines Company produced the 3000th watch since establishing.

 

In 2002 Longines Company held its 170 anniversary celebration. Especially to mention, the company's trademark "flying hourglass" is the earliest trademark in watch industry.

Brief introduction of Longines watches

In 1832 the Swiss August Agassi in Saint-Imier began clock business, and later his nephew Ernest Francio continued to expand their business. In 1866 in Switzerland LesLongines opened a watch factory. In 1867 Franci Jung registered "Longines" company, Longines brand was born formally, the same year the first movement of Longines watch-L20A was produced. Since then, every Longines watch was carved with winged hourglass.

 

In 1880, the Longines watch in Switzerland officially was registered into trademark, and it also is one of the oldest trademarks in Switzerland watch industry. In 1885, Longines in Antwerp International Exhibition won a first prize. After then Longines acquired many international prizes, including 10 times Greenwich prize.

 

In twentieth Century, Wrist watch gradually replaced the pocket watch. In 1905 Longines produced the first mechanical watches, then innovative square wrist watch was produced in 1912, and the elegant geometry design was introduced in watchmaking. In 1912, at the Swiss Federal games of Basel, Longines become the world's first watchmaker of introducing automatic timer.

 

In 1920, Longines was skilled in watches design and manufacturing, the new art deco style won the praise from the market, Longines has a geometry design have become synonymous with elegance, in 1927, aviator Charles Lindberg's first incessant flight from New York to Paris across the Atlantic, he selected Longines timer. Later, Lin Bai designed a timer especially for Longines, it is prototype of Longines guidance watch. in 1930, Longines watches have become indispensable device for some famous explorer.

 

the 3000th million watch of Longines was born in February 19, 2001.In 1994, after nearly half a century Longines resumed to enter the Chinese market, until 2003, Longines sales in Chinese market has been first in the world, more than the Longines sales in Italy and Japan.

 

Longines is the company established by Ernest Francelin in the Swiss Amir. Its origins can be traced to 1930’s. Longines also has the oldest watch registered trademarks (a winged hourglass) .Now Longines Company belonging to the Swatch group.

 

Longines is famous for its "Aviator" watch. After the flight of rounding Atlantic, Charles Lindenberger designs a watch of air navigation aid, and Longines watch initially was taken as his special purposes of the fly.

The war has become the catalyst of watches.

Design change: large diameter design become the mainstream, watch band become longer and sturdier

 

In the period of many watch factories inventing in waterproof function, in human history there have been two "world war”. In fact, nowadays, many mechanical and invention are due to the needs of war such as "penicillin" .The watch also is not exceptional , during World War II, the pilot watch and diving watch were the best examples. The two military watch not only must be equipped with antimagnetic or waterproof function, but also one of the most important design is the focus that the dial must be large enough and is easy to read, so, big size watch began to appear. Nowadays, the dial plate size of men wrist watch is not more than 45 mm, while at that time Panerai produced a diving watch for Egypt seal team, the dial plate size is up to 60 mm, and this is almost the same with caliber of portable mortar.

 

Not only the dial plate size is big, but also the watch band of the pilot and diving are specially customized lengthening. Because early pilots need to hold the lever with their two hands, their most usual practice is to put the watch in the thigh, large dial like dashboards make them quickly and accurately read time. The commando divers need to wear heavy diving suit, so the watchband also must be lengthened and very strong, to resist the impact of water.

In historical evolution of the watch material

Watch material have already had a try in many aspects, really, what it remains finally is the decorating ability and sense of beauty. Last year, people started to play a "Silicon", it sounds fresh, but soon a professional stands up and says: silicon is not advanced, cheap material, easy processing, in China many semiconductor factories can make a transition to produce silicon parts, and in second years the price of silicon gossamer has dropped to 0.17 Chinese Yuan, the future of silicon belongs to Guangdong province.

 

Putting the diamond in the watch absolutely is perfect, hearts and arrows could be best. A ring, two rings, three rings are filled with watch. Maybe we cam use more other materials except industry material, such as rosewood Cartire, marble PANERAI, wedges commonly used in furniture instead of screws, maybe in the future high fastness is not valued, beauty is the key. There are platinum, it must be mentioned. Platinum is the precious metal with a high melting point, in addition to jewelry and watch making industry, also it is widely used in automobile manufacturing, processing the parts of emissions from automobiles system, last year because the production of several major auto groups were reduced, platinum prices from $1400 an ounce in July to $700 an ounce, all of a sudden, it has a big surplus. So this year many watch factories have introduced timely platinum watches, and cost can drop quite much.

 

Evolution path

 

Whether using the timer function of watch to measuring and distributing the time that has gone and never come back for ever; or using its luxury and brand to highlight the wealth, status and aesthetic orientation; or to take the watch as a memorial goods in significant event or good times; or even regard it as a gift to send your relatives and friends, watches are the concept of time and space and exist in people’s life in physical form. In other words, the watches that you see and reserve and love are made from a variety of materials. While the watches material as the watch function structure is the carrier to express people’s emotion, aesthetics and show the value, which is always the focus of attention and the target of innovation by watch designer, manufacturer, distributors, users, collectors and so on. 

 

Material recovery

 

In eighteenth Century, the development of iron and steel industry has become the important content and material basis of industrial revolution. Thereafter, in the middle of the nineteenth Century the modern open hearth and converter steelmaking technology make human truly into the Iron Age. In the late twentieth Century, brass, aluminum alloy material watch was also popular, but finally lost the support of consumer due to the defects of material performance, only except stainless steel, titanium alloy watch.

 

A lot of core technology innovation and material progress were appeared after seventeenth Century. On 1675, Christiaan Huygens invented the Archimedes spiral balance spring; 1795, Breguet invented the double layer coiling type balance with hairspring, with Philip J terminal curve, the industry called Breguet type spring; in 1897, Charles Edouard Guillaume first invented the INVRA iron nickel alloy hairspring material, and it plays a crucial role in watches accuracy and performance. Although in this period the watch dial, plate, gear and other basic still use copper base material or copper alloy material, but its performance also gets the continuous upgrading along with the progress of metallurgical technology. As for the shaft parts, copper material is transited to modern easy-cutting steel, in order to improve its strength, rigidity and frictional resistance.

 

Times of innovation

 

In 2005, Patek Philippe developed a new type of single crystal silicon material -“Silinvar”. It applied new technology "Patek Philippe terminal curve." to produce Spiromax hairspring balance wheel and an escapement. This silicon material has a self lubrication, low density, antimagnetic and corrosion resistance and other excellent properties. With exceptional design, it has excellent isochronous, and is not affected by temperature, vibration and magnetic field, and realizes epoch-making leap for the mechanical watch precision.

 

At present, the brands that have used silicon or silicon based materials to produce balance wheel and escapement institution have Breguet 591A series and the Marine; OMEGA Classic 5197 and Hour Vision 8166; Athens Anniversary 160, Freak and the Sonata; Chopin L.U.C./Calibre 4TBST; Jaeger Le Coulter Extreme LAB (platinum iridium alloy hairspring); Constant core jump series; and Rolex silicon hairspring and Parachrom niobium zirconium hairspring etc. In addition to well-known brands in the innovation of core material aspects, some small watch factories and independent watchmaker also rely on their own resources to carry out research and development. For example, H.Moser & Cie make use of gold / platinum material manufacturing escapement fork, the escapement wheel and balance wheel screws, to prevent the magnetic interference; independent watchmaker Kari Voutilainen made Masterpiece Chronograph, using the new material Carbontime balance wheel and hairspring produced by single Monofilament CarbonFiber, balance wheel is mounted Tantalum-Gold compensation screw, and it is not affected by the change of temperature and magnetic resistance and has better isochronism.

Sound production theory of Alarm clock

From the viewpoint of internal structure, it is not much difference between alarm and alarm clock. Operation methods of alarm clock can be divided into knocking musical reed, knocking back and knocking substrate. The first is adding a sound column in the back of the watch, when the ring hammer hits sound column, the voice will be transferred to the bottom cover to generate sound. This is the most common alarm mechanism. Some alarm watch sound cover is directly made into the watch back cover, in order to make the alarm sound more melodious, some one will put the watch back cover formed with sound hole. The manner of knocking the sound reed is similar to the sound production structure of Repeater knocking the sound reed, which produces sounds that by contrast would be more clear and melodious.

 

Alarm mechanism plus an escapement mechanism, wherein the star gear drives the alarm hammers, and alarm pointer is still fixed in the top of time wheel , when the concave and convex point of three different circles are combined, alarm switch would be stared. Through the exclusive independent spring box energy, the sound hammers swing, then knock sound column of the watch bottom, metal resonance sound is produced, the alarm bell would be slight change because of different materials, there are manufacturers adding resonating box in the bottom cover to let the alarm sound more resonant.

The development history of Japanese watches brands

Japan watches have 100 years of history, and development speed is not fast and brands is unknown. But in the quartz technology application it took the lead, so that Japanese watches industry has stood on the stage of the world; it becomes the bright younger generation and the world's largest watch producer, international market share continues to increase. How did Japan increase the added value of the watch?

 

1, Japanese precision machining technology is inferior to the Swiss', but the electronics industry is well developed, it enhances strong points and avoids weaknesses. Based on microelectronics industry, it takes the watches and clocks in quartz and plastics, to produce and occupy the market of middle and low grade watch. This policy was very successful, with the Japanese actual situation and in line with the international market, which makes Japan being a new force suddenly rising.

 

2, Japan in the electronic technology development fully displays its skill. First, the LCD digital low-grade watches having good production and sale. Second, researching high-grade computer watch being used traditional calculator, with 2000 word memory displaying capability, some data such as address, telephone number can be stored in the memory network. There are solar watches such as the CITIZEN optical wave watch, radio watches, television watches and multi-functional watches. Japan is in an attempt to control the world market of quartz pointer watch.

 

3, watch enterprises are monopolized highly , only three: Seiko, CITIZEN and Casio, formation of large enterprise groups, establishment of a large-scale production system, the automation, high speed, high efficiency of the processing, assembly, management aspects. For example, Casio has taken intelligent automatic device in circuit board assembly, automatic component plug-in, automatic welding, automatic injection molding and so on, and it realized unmanned management of 24 hours.

 

4, Japan plays attach importance to the industrial design and appearance of watch processing. The prices of Casio electronic watch is lower, with the price advantage to capture the market, strengthening the industrial design and research of watch appearance, applying hundreds watch patent every year. in the patent such as the electronic watch structure, the appearance of new function material, processing and decorative plating industry, Japan occupied 60. they vigorously develop CAD/CAM design and manufacturing system, improve the design level and manufacturing quality, and shorten the cycle development of the product.

Do you know the Longines watches?

Longines is a Company established by Ernest Fullan in the Swiss Amir. Its origins can be traced to the 1930s’; Longines also has the oldest watch registered trademarks (a winged hourglass).Now Longines Company belongs to Switzerland Swatch Longines group. Longines is famous for "Aviator" watch. Longines is not only committed to the pursuit of accurate technology of producing watches, but also strive to research and develop new field, and put more focus on the noble and elegant design and innovative ideas and make design in every detail all being good.

 

In March 7, 2002 France, Paris, the world's largest watch making group-Swatch group held the Longines 170 anniversary grand celebration. Longines five elegant image ambassador first appeared in Paris, and their own unique elegant temperament full shows Longines' unique elegance.

 

Paris has always been a symbol of fashion and character, which is symbolic of Longines’ elegant image, so Paris as a place celebrating its 170 anniversary is the best choice. In the first ten years, Longines suffered great bad knock from financial and technology, but with the support of all colleagues in watch industry, Longines gets through the difficulties and becomes one of the most famous brands in the world.

Many of the classic sports watches have appeared

Rolex's "Oyster" watch because of its excellent waterproof performance achieved a great success, but also because the production is relatively easy, so many watch brands have started to follow the example of the design, not only the screw-on crown and screw-on bottom cover then became a watch standard configuration, but also circular watchcase was popular. So that until 1969, Tag Heuer produced the first square watch with water-proof function .But by that time, plastic technology is developed very well, adding waterproof plastic ring in the watchcase is not a mission impossible, so the circular or square becomes less important for waterproof technology.

Also because of the rise of waterproof function, sport watch has become the trend at that time. Coupled with the economic recovery, the popularity of sports and automatic pendulum coming out, in 1950's or 1960's, many factories are introduced watches taking both the timing function and waterproof function. Many modern classic watches also have appeared. For example, Rolex in the 1950's produced the Submariner, in 1960's produced Daytone. BREITLING in 1952 was launched Navitimer, OMEGA brought out Moonwatch in 1957. At the same time, at the time a number of brands are competing to claim that it invented automatic chronograph movement and bid farewell to chronograph movement without the self-winding. Today, many watch lovers think the watch in 1950's or 1960's still can't be transcended. And then those watches have also been regarded as a classic being preserved by watch brands until the present day.

The first wrist watch was born in flying contest

Design change: Square Watch existed in different from circular pocket watch. 

 

In 1868, Patek Philippe made a watch for a Hungarian family lady, this watch is currently known as human history's first watch. But this watch decorative function is greater than the timing function, the designer at that time never thought revolution that people changed pocket watch into wrist watch and wearied it in the wrist would greatly influence human's life. 

in 1904, Brazil adventurer Alberto Santos Dumont living in Paris wanted to fly in a circle around the center of Paris by light aircraft in the 30 minutes. But in the first attempt, Dumnot did not succeed, he slowed 40 seconds. Obviously, the 40 second can't enforce him to give up, and Dumont thinks, it is all because he isn't convenient pulling out his watch to calculate time. Therefore, in preparation for the second challenge of the time, he found his friend Louis Cartier, wanted to know how quickly and conveniently watch time. Then Louis Cartier found Edmond Jaeger, two people jointly created this watch at that time. By 1911, Cartire decided to make the wrist watch named Santos in mass production, this has become in a real sense the first watch of the world.

 

Mass production of the watch absolutely is very important, but another important reason why santos become the first wrist in history is that it entirely is different from pocket watch and jewelry watch. Because the first so-called watch mostly is modified by pocket watch, some people even directly tied pocket watch on the wrist, and the shape of them is circular. While the Santos with four square shape design make that it is no longer a pocket watch derivatives and it has its own independent status and uses. It is the new area of watches world.

 

Along with the appearance of Santos, plus rising of geometric symmetry pattern brought by Art Decoin, square watch quickly become fashionable. In the early twentieth Century, almost every watch brand introduced square watches with themselves’ style. Among them, the most representative is Reverso introduced by Jaeger-Lecoulter in 1932. As everyone knows, this watch was designed for applying to British officer guarding in India. The officers want Jaeger-Lecoulte to design a wrist watch, when they play polo it would not claim them attention because they worried about wrist watch damaged. At that time the entire watch mirror is made of glass, solid material such as sapphire, crystal has not appeared. At the same time, in order to distinguish with pocket watch, Jaeger-Lecoulter came up with a square "flip" .This Reverso watch once again consolidated square watch's status. so that at that time, A opinion become deeply ingrained in the people's mind: "the pocket watch is round, the wrist watch is square".

The emergence of quartz table

With the development of semiconductor technology, materials and electronic technology, in 1967, electronic watches center of Neuchatel developed the first quartz wrist watch, and in 1970 began mass production with different Swiss brand name. Since then, the structure of watch is broken, mechanical watches in the last century 70/80 time almost suffered a devastating blow -- because the cost of quartz watch is one percent of mechanical watches, the precision of quartz watch is several times of machinery watches, the function of quartz watch is much more than machinery watches, At that time many factories of Swiss watches stopped production or closed down, as you can see, most modern Swiss watch group were set up on that time.

Transition from the table clock to pocket watch

The second problem of Watch evolution problems is escapement, the pendulum is huge, and the gravity effect for clock is very obvious; it can’t be slanted, so inconveniently to carry. At this time, Huygens used the hairspring replaced the original pendulum, thus forming a miniature clock that take movement as power resource and balance spring as regulating mechanism, which also provided condition for portable pocket watch. During eighteenth Century a variety of escapement were invented, in 1726 Gallo improved and perfected wheel escapement mechanism, until nineteenth Century, pocket watch has been widely spread, the modern mechanical watches in form is similar to the one in nineteenth Century.

Evolution from giant clock to table clock

The initial waterborne instrument like a table is a device which is combined with the armillary sphere, celestial globe and mechanical timer. It takes hydraulic power as power source, with scientific escapement, about 12 meters high, seven meters square, shows its great size. Later the giant specie in the Northern Song Dynasty was destroyed in the “the humiliation of Jingkang”, Jin people would send it back to their capital city, in the transport process some parts were damaged, and they didn’t know how to repair it so that this giant specie was abandoned. Since then, China has never reached to the front line in producing time instruments.

 

The first problem that has been solved in clock is power resource. The water borne instrument like a table is very huge, that is the reason it needs a large pool with water, using water potential energy as power. Fourteenth Century British and France in Europe has appeared huge time signal clock. The power resources of the clock come from gravity action through taking rope to hang up huge hammer, but its size was still enormous. At the end of fifteenth or sixteenth Century, Western iron making technology was progressed, and iron spring was appeared, which created a new power source for clock, also created condition for the bell in small change. In 1583 Galileo built famous isochronous theory, and it also is the theoretical foundation of the pendulum. In 1956 Huygens applied Galileo's theory and designed pendulum, in the second years, under his guidance the young watchmaker S.Coster built the first pendulum clock, then, table clock was standing on the stage of history.

The development of watch

In the period of 1700-1800 people invented a variety of escapement and a regulating mechanism, built solid foundation for the further development of pocket watch. In 1725, the British GeorgeGraham (1673 - 1751) improved the "Cylinder Escapement", the escapement gear tooth shape resembling the Chinese word “工”, until the early twentieth Century this mechanism was still used in the watch movement. In 1730, Jean-Baptiste Dutertre (1715-1742) invented the "duplex escapement", this escapement wheel has a double-layer structure and sharp teeth. In 1754, the British Thomas Mudge (1715-1794) invented the "English lever escapement”, and further improved the timing accuracy of pocket watch. In 1769 he made pocket watch with such institutions for George Sans queen. Today, the escapement institution that we use the mechanical watch is based on his invention. In 1775, John Arnald made "detent escapement" which was used in the timing clocks with high accuracy, and he is also the inventor of the “s spiral hairspring”. During the same period, regulating mechanism such as double metal compensation balance, spherical hairspring is also applied in the pocket watch.

 

Accompanied by clock mechanism innovations continuing to emerge, manufacture technology in pocket watch also continuously developed. In 1741, a French watchmaker Nicholas Fardoil invented the cutting gear machine, and then William Blakey in 1744 created the tool of the cutting Gear shaft. In 1776, the French master watchmaker Frederic Japy (1749-1813) took the lead in using the machine to produce substrate of the movement.

 

In the industrial revolution of the nineteenth Century, , GeorgesAuguste Leschot (1800-1884) used the name "Pentograph" for producing machinery parts of watches and clocks, which makes watches parts standardization becoming possible. The Swiss Georges-Federic Raskopf (1813-1889) also made contribution for manufacturing low-cost and universal pocket watch. At the same time, the American watch industry has made great progress and started mass production of various types of pocket watch. In 1875, China also appeared national watch industry (according to Mr. Jiao Dayu's authoritative information, "Li fifty years commemorative book", in 1875 Chinese modern watch industry has begun).

 

Because of the application of the many inventions and the manufacturing technology becoming mature, pocket watch in volume and accuracy has been greatly improved; machinery also can take more complex functions based on the timekeeper function, such as: spring timing, independent timing, calendar, alarm, world time zones and so on. In 1900 Paris World Expo, "Lerey01" super complex pocket watch obtained Expo award, the perfect combination of the 25 different functions made it becoming one of the world's most complex pocket watch. 

The emergence of watch

In the second half of fifteenth Century, Italy has emerged about the watch records, this was mainly due to the invention .By the beginning of the sixteenth Century, France and Germany also has emerged about the watch records such as the most famous of the German "Nuremberg egg", it has the egg shape and only an hour hand. In this period of so-called watch, it mainly refers small timers using remontoir power and escapement mechanism. But they have formed the rudiment of a pocket watch. After the middle of the sixteenth Century, the metal balance wheel appeared, it gradually replaced the pendulum rod early located on the shaft as a speed control device, so in the early watch of seventeenth Century, we have been able to see balance wheel device rotating in the movement.

 

Eighteenth Century is the golden period of watch development; there are many inventions of watchmakers that were used in all kinds of works. In the UK, John Harrison (1693-1776) produced a series of nautical chronometer watch, so that the accuracy of the clock reached a high level, because the travel-time accuracy greatly was improved, pocket watch in this period have taken the second hand. In 1704, Jacob Debaufre and NicolasFatio di Duillier (1654-1753) initiated jewel bearing; to a certain extent it reduced the movement of the friction between the gear and the splint. About 1760 French Jean Antoine Lepine (1720-1814) made a movement, the revolutionary change for the traditional multi-layer plywood structure, so watch’s thickness was thinned, historically which is called "Lepine machine", and then the movement holder plate arrangement of many pocket watch was influenced by"Lepine machine”. At the same time, the Swiss watch craftsmen were also exploring new areas, around 1770, Abraham-Louis Perrelet (17290-1826) invented the mechanical timekeeper of automatic winding up, and he became the pioneer of the automatic watch. The famous clock master -- Abraham-Louis Breguet (1747-1823) also was born in this period clock prosperous. In the late eighteenth Century, he invented the "Tourbillon" mechanism, in the past 200 years, this mechanism has always been considered to be one of the most complicated mechanical watches’ devices. Abraham-Louis Breguet in world horological history was known as the “Saint of the watches.” The middle of the eighteenth Century, the United States that was away from the European also appeared a watch craftsman; they later created condition for American watch industry.

The mechanical clock of Independent operation

In early fourteenth Century, the church and other buildings in Europe, British Italy，France and other countries had appeared mechanical clock, because the clock running requires continuous power source, a series of operations worked through using ropes hanging weights and producing gravity .This large mechanical clock mainly uses "Verge Escapement" , or the "Crown-wheel Escapement" , the main component consists of an escapement wheel similar as Western Crown , its convex teeth and Two "escapement piece" meshed of the "shaft" are linked up. "Pendulum" acts as the "governor" ending with heavy loads, located in the "shaft". the representative clock in this period include the astronomical clock of the Italian Giovanni de Dondi (1318-1389) building in about 1364 in Pavia, the British Salisbury church bell in 1386 and the France Roven bell in 1389.

 

In the mid of fifteenth Century, due to the invention of the iron springs, a bulky bell has a new power source, it also created a condition for the bell for small change .In 1459, a French clockmaker created the first spring clock for Charlie VII .In 1510, the German Peter Henlein (1480-1542) produced a wind-up clock, around 1525, Jacob Zech also produced the portable spring clock having fusee device. During the sixteenth Century, French clock manufacturing center was located in Blais and Strasbourg areas.

 

In 1583, Italian Galileo (1564-1642) established the famous isochronous theory, it also is the theoretical foundation of the pendulum. Holland scientists Huygens (1629-1695) in 1656 applied Galileo's theory to design of the "pendulum", second years under his guidance, the young watchmaker Salomon Comer made the first pendulum clock. In 1658, Ahasuerus Fromantee in the UK also made pendulum clock. Huygens once again in 1675 invented the "gossamer", so speed regulation machine taking "gossamer" as device has produced, which provided favorable technical condition for portable pocket watch.

Early astronomical timekeeper

We all know that clock is a timekeeper. Before we developed clocks, our ancestors have taken many methods to record time. For example, the sun dial of judging time according to the sunshine's place, and using sand filter for marking the hours. But all of these are not the clocks and watches. What are the clocks and watches? A machine or device is to calculate time through producing oscillatory period.

Clocks and watches can be divided into three parts. First of all, slowly leaving out from Astronomical Clock in early stage. Second, moving forward from huge time bell to clocks and watches in miniature. Third, wrist watches' development and utilizing electronic technique. Every stage's development is connected with technical invention of that day. 

The famous British science historian Joseph Needham in “history of Chinese science and technology” has said a section of history that has been flooded almost six centuries. When the Western clocks and watches in the early seventeenth Century were entering into China, in fact, "escapement" embryonic form already appeared in China of 600 years ago. In 1088, China's Song Dynasty scientist Su Song and Han Gonglian and others made astronomical instrument -- "waterborne instrument like a stage", it is "free" and "celestial globe" mechanical timer combined giant mechanical device. About 12 meters high, 7 meters in width, it is divided into three layers, the upper on the armillary sphere, astronomical observations: the middle on the celestial globe, simulating the celestial movements synchronous presentation, the lower is the heart of the apparatus portion, the timing time, source of power in this layer. Because celestial movement take the time as the foundation, and to operate time through a mechanical structure need a device forming a time interval, which produced the "escapement" instrument of the early years.

The great invention of ancient China has the extremely vital significance in world horological history. Thus, china's famous watchmakers, antique collectors, horological historians Jiao Dayu initiated a point of view -"Chinese create watches’ history -- watches is the five great inventions of ancient China".